Week 13: Digestion

Cartoon

By the end of this week, you should be able to identify each of the characters in this cartoon and what they are contributing to the digestive process

Learning Objectives

By the end of this module, students will be able to

• Explain homeostasis and apply to blood glucose regulation 
• Apply core concept of Biological Organization to digestive system, blood glucose regulation and immune protection 
• Outline the 3 main goals of the digestive system: Digestion, Absorption and Elimination
• Explain the structure and function of each organ in the digestive system: mouth, stomach, small intestine, gallbladder, pancreas, large intestine
• Explain homeostasis and give examples
• Explain how the pancreas, liver, insulin and glucagon are used in the negative feedback loop for blood glucose regulation
• Compare and contrast Type I and Type II diabetes
• Explain the role of cell signaling in glucose absorption
• Compare and contrast Type I and Type II diabetes

Study Guide Questions 

1. When you eat a vegetarian burrito that is filled with beans, rice and cheese. Describe what happens to the food in each organ of your digestive system.. Make sure to use the following vocabulary: protein, carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, sugars, fatty acids, digestive enzymes, liquifying, cell membranes. Make sure to include: 

• • • list of the type of macromolecules found in the burrito
    • description of what happens to each of those macromolecules, including where and how they break down into subunits.
    • this includes both the location of these processes, and also description of enzymes and their role, where they are made and the different types.
    • Explanation of where and how absorption takes place.
    • the relationship between digestion and absorption
  • What needs to happen for successful elimination- location and processes.

    2. After  you eat a meal, your blood glucose concentrations begin to rise. Describe what happens in our pancreas/liver negative feedback loop in order to bring you back to homeostasis.  Make sure to include

• • • description of what happens at the organ level: pancreas, liver, blood stream, hormones (insulin, glucagon)
    • description of what happens at the cell level: cell signaling, insulin, insulin receptor, transduction, GLUT4, glucose  
    • description  of what happens to the glucose in the cells of the body vs. liver
    • explanation of homeostasis and how this demonstrates that phenomenon

3. As you exercise, you are using a lot of energy.  Describe what happens in our pancreas/liver negative feedback loop in order to keep our blood glucose levels normal? Make sure to include

• • • • • description of what happens at the organ level: pancreas, liver, blood stream, hormones (insulin, glucagon)
        • description of what happens at the cell level: cell signaling, insulin, insulin receptor, transduction, GLUT4, glucose  
        • description  of what happens to the glucose in the cells of the body vs. liver
        • explanation of homeostasis and how this demonstrates that phenomenon

3. What is the cause of Type I diabetes and how does that affect the

• • • The pancreas and production of hormones (Insulin and Glucagon)
    • The uptake and use of glucose by cells of the body- make sure to explain what is happening with signal transduction. 
    • (receptor, transduction, GLUT4 , vesicle, glucose absorption)

4. What is the cause of Type II diabetes and how does that affect the

• • • The pancreas and production of hormones (Insulin and Glucagon)
    • The uptake and use of glucose by cells of the body- make sure to explain what is happening with signal transduction. 
    • (receptor, transduction, GLUT4 , vesicle, glucose absorption)

PowerPoint Slides