A. Study your Text

Chapter 12: Outlining

12.1 Why Outline - Here are three reasons that are developed in this chapter.

Outlines help maintain the speech’s focus on the thesis by allowing the speaker to test the scope of content, assess logical relationships between ideas, and evaluate the relevance of supporting ideas.
Outlines help organize a message that the audience can understand by visually showing the balance and proportion of a speech.
Outlines can help you deliver clear meanings by serving as the foundation for speaking notes you will use during your presentation.

12.2 Types of outlines - know the difference between

1. a rough outline,

2. a full sentence outline - which is NOT a manuscript of your speech

3.a speaking outline - Your text says put on note cards. I think the same information is easier to access during a speech if in outline format.

12.3 Using Outlining for Success

This is the most important information - it will be on the quiz - and you will use this information to prepare your outlines this semester.

A. Study your Text

Chapter 17: Persuasive Speaking (Links to an external site.) - All of it

B. Take the Quiz

There is one quiz for each Web Lesson. Some quizzes will cover more than one chapter. Each quiz has 10 questions worth 1 point each.
You can take each quiz up to 3 times. Your highest score will be recorded.
There is a 30 minute limit for each quiz. Study before you take the quiz.
You can complete the quiz before the due date, but not after.
If you want extra credit for early completion you must get at least 7 points.

Stand Up Quiz 6

C. Go on Virtual Field Trips

Each week you will find many links that will support your understanding of the speech making process. You will go to the links and complete the tasks assigned.

This week the following links will help you with Persuasive Speaking.

Here is an interesting article from the November–December 2019 Issue of Harvard Business Review -

Persuasion and Resistance (Links to an external site.) (Links to an external site.)by Eben Harrell

Here is an example of a kid doing a persuasive speech for a TEDx Talk

The first thing you need to do as you prepare your speech is to conduct an audience analysis. You need to know what your audience believes about your topic. Do they already agree with you? Then you will motivate them. Do they disagree with your position? Then you will use logic to convince them to change their position. Do they already know a lot about your topic? If not you will need to inform them. Do they agree with you but don't want to change. In general the older people get the les likely they are to embrace change.
Here are some general guidelines to keep in mind when you are preparing your persuasive speech:

People are more likely to change their behaviour if the proposition asks for a small change rather than a large change in their lives (e.g., trying one vegetarian meal rather than becoming total vegetarians).

People are more likely to consider changing their behaviour if the change will benefit them more than it will cost them. Consider the costs to the audience in terms of money, time commitment, energy, and skill.

People are more likely to change their behaviour if the change meets their needs. Needs vary in different communities, in different schools, and in different individuals.

People are more likely to change their behaviour if suggested change is approached gradually in the talk. Move from arguments which the audience will find most acceptable to those which the audience will find more difficult to accept

What we have been talking about above involves the psychology of how people think and form their beliefs. There are thousands of resources on motivation, behavior, psychology, change and persuasion. Below are some websites for those who want to learn more about these topics. Following these links are not required.
Attitude Drives Behavior (Links to an external site.)

Pathos: (emotional appeal) can be used to motivate the audience when they agree with your topic. View the posters below to see how pathos was used to raise support for World War II.
Powers of Persuasion (Links to an external site.)

You have seen how psychology is used in persuasion.

Now we will look at how logic is used.

There are three types of persuasive statements. They are known as a proposition of fact, value, or policy.

Proposition of fact.
This refers to something that we can know to be either true or false, but right now we can argue about it. Examples include historical controversy, predictions, or questions of existence. Examples: "A fetus is a life at the time of conception." "To persuade my audience that stocks will continue to rise." "To persuade my audience that Oswald acted alone when assassinating President Kennedy." "To persuade my audience that T.V. violence causes real world violence."

Proposition of value.
Here is where we argue something is right or wrong, moral or immoral, or better or worse than another thing. Examples include: "To persuade my audience that it is wrong to drive over the speed limit." "To persuade my audience that Pepsi is better than Coke." "To persuade my audience that it is better to live together before marriage."

Proposition of policy. .
Here is where we argue that some action should or should not be taken.
The form is always: "To persuade my audience that X should do Y."
"To persuade my audience that we should widen hwy 101." "To persuade my audience that the U.S. military should lift its ban on women in combat." "To persuade my audience that they should donate blood."

For the persuasive speech assignment in this class you will choose a topic and state your thesis as a proposition of policy. Make sure you have a clear understanding of the three different types of propositions. Just persuading the audience to change their belief or attitude is not enough for the persuasive speech assignment.

D. Complete the Homework

Fallacy Feud

As a speaker you should avoid logical fallacies and as a listener you should learn to identify logical fallacies as you watch your classmates, as well as situations in life when someone is trying to persuade you without logical arguments.

This topic was not covered in your text
Before attempting to complete homework 9 you should study the content below.
There are videos below for those of you that like to learn that way.
There are a couple websites for those of you that would rather read the words.
And there are a few brief definitions at the bottom of this page.

Click here to complete the Homework 6

Click here for a more readable view - Robots should take over the world. (Links to an external site.)

Robots should take over the world

For a more linear explanation of Logical Fallacies click here (Links to an external site.)

And below are two informative videos. The second you can watch the whole 8 minute video and it is also broken down to a short segment on each fallacy.

Top 10 Logical Fallacies (Links to an external site.)

Or if you want a quick overview of 31 Fallacies check these out.

You can watch the entire 8 minute video or each individual fallacy.

31 logical fallacies in 8 minutes (Links to an external site.)

This link will show a time stamp for each of the 31 logical fallacies.

That should be enough to prepare you for the Fallacy Feud Assignment.

Distance Education office at Santa Rosa Junior College, Santa Rosa, CA USA